the most common and effective nonsurgical treatment for sleep apnea is continuous positive airway pressure (cpap), which is applied through a nasal or facial mask while you sleep. the cpap device does not breathe for you. once your ent (ear, nose, and throat) specialist, or otolaryngologist, or a sleep specialist determines that cpap is the right treatment, you will need to use it every night. after review of your sleep study, your ent or sleep specialist may often prescribe a cpap device for you, especially if you have severe sleep apnea. cpap is the most effective means of treating snoring and sleep apnea, if you wear it regularly.
it keeps airway passages open, which prevents pauses in breathing and helps you to get better sleep. the cpap device needs to be used every night for the entire duration of sleep. others find the device to be too constrictive and cumbersome, particularly when traveling. proper mask fitting, use of a humidifier, and treatment of nasal obstruction by your ent specialist can help resolve these issues. sleep positioning and oral appliances have also been found to be effective in appropriate cases. if these non-invasive treatments fail, or surgery is an option, your ent specialist will be able to advise you on about reconstructive surgical options.
compliance and acceptance of use of cpap therapy can be a limiting factor, with 8% of people stopping use after the first night and 50% within the first year. [1][2] cpap has been shown to be 100% effective at eliminating obstructive sleep apneas in the majority of people who use the therapy according to the recommendations of their physician. cpap can be used to treat uars as the condition progresses, in order to prevent it from developing into obstructive sleep apnea. [9] cpap also has been suggested for treating acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in children, however, due to a limited number of clinical studies, the effectiveness and safety of this approach to providing respiratory support is not clear. cpap machines possess a motor that pressurizes room temperature air and delivers it through a hose connected to a mask or tube worn by the patient.
both modalities stent open the alveoli in the lungs and thus, recruit more of the lung surface area for ventilation, but, while peep refers to devices that impose positive pressure only at the end of the exhalation, cpap devices apply continuous positive airway pressure throughout the breathing cycle. thus, the ventilator does not cycle during cpap, no additional pressure greater than the level of cpap is provided, and patients must initiate all of their breaths. [15] nasopharyngeal cpap is administered by a tube that is placed through the person’s nose and ends in the nasopharynx. [11] this tube bypasses the nasal cavity in order to deliver the cpap farther down in the upper respiratory system. [1] a significant change in behaviour is required in order to commit to long-term use of cpap therapy and this can be difficult for many people. [1] colin sullivan, an australian physician and professor, invented cpap in 1980 at royal prince alfred hospital in sydney.
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