sdb can range from frequent loud snoring to obstructive sleep apnea (osa), a condition where part, or all, of the airway is blocked repeatedly during sleep. the heart rate increases, blood pressure rises, the brain is aroused, and sleep is disrupted. a common physical cause of airway narrowing contributing to sdb is enlarged tonsils and adenoids. children with abnormalities involving the lower jaw or tongue, or neuromuscular deficits such as cerebral palsy, have a higher risk of developing sdb. the sleep study, or polysomnography (psg), is an objective test for sdb.
the test is not painful and is generally performed in a sleep laboratory or hospital. surgical removal of the tonsils and adenoids, called tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (t&a), is generally considered the first line treatment for pediatric sdb if the symptoms are significant, and the tonsils and adenoids are enlarged. if the sdb symptoms are mild or intermittent, academic performance and behavior is not an issue, the tonsils are small, or the child is near puberty (because tonsils and adenoids often shrink at puberty), it may be recommended that a child with sdb be watched conservatively and treated surgically only if symptoms worsen. a post-operative sleep study may be necessary, especially in children with persistent symptoms or increased risk factors for persistent apnea after t&a such as obesity, craniofacial anomalies or neuromuscular problems. the information on enthealth.org is provided solely for educational purposes and does not represent medical advice, nor is it a substitute for seeking professional medical care. find out more about the community of physician experts who can help you to be ent smart and how the information was developed.
[1] sdb includes obstructive sleep apnea (osa), [2] which consists of breathing cessations of at least 10 seconds occurring in the presence of inspiratory efforts during sleep. n-cpap is effective in improving sleep quality and reducing daytime sleepiness. sleep apnea occurs in 4% of men and 2% of women aged 30-60 years. the sleep heart health study demonstrated that the influence of male sex and body mass index (bmi) on osa tends to wane with age. 57 (11):[qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link].
[qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. [qxmd medline link]. francesco faiella, md resident in otolaryngology, campus bio-medico university of rome school of medicinedisclosure: nothing to disclose.
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