central sleep apnea: sleep disorder in which the airway is not blocked, but the brain fails to signal the muscles to breathe. chronotherapy: a behavioral technique in which bedtime is gradually adjusted; used in cases when the patient’s sleep-wake pattern is out of sync with the external environment. cognitive therapy: in some cases of insomnia, this therapy includes interventions that are meant to help people identify and correct inappropriate thoughts and beliefs that may contribute to their sleep problems. narcolepsy: a neurological condition in which people experience excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hallucinations, and intermittent, uncontrollable sleep attacks during the day. non 24-hour sleep wake disorder: a circadian rhythm disorder in which the sleep-wake pattern does not conform to the usual 24-hour cycle.
it is caused by a blockage of the upper airway that causes the body to struggle to get air. periodic limb movement disorder (plmd): a disorder in which rhythmic jerking of the legs interrupts sleep, causing insomnia and/or excessive daytime sleepiness. progressive muscle relaxation (pmr): relaxation method that involves tensing and relaxing muscles of the body in a given order, ultimately to achieve relaxation of the whole body; useful in some cases of insomnia. rem sleep, also known as dream sleep, is characterized by rapid eye movements, and more irregular breathing compared to nrem sleep, the other basic state of sleep. sleep paralysis: symptom of narcolepsy; involves the temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or waking up.
these include trouble falling or staying asleep, falling asleep at the wrong times, too much sleep, and abnormal behaviors during sleep. episodes may come and go, last up to 3 weeks (be short-term), or be long-lasting (chronic). hypersomnia is a condition in which people have excessive daytime sleepiness. this may be due to other medical conditions, but can also be due to a problem in the brain. causes of this problem include: problems may also occur when you do not stick to a regular sleep and wake schedule. it can also occur with shift workers who are on changing schedules, especially nighttime workers. sleep and its disorders.
bradley and daroff’s neurology in clinical practice. classification of sleep disorders. principles and practice of sleep medicine. philadelphia, pa: elsevier; 2017:chap 61. updated by: allen j. blaivas, do, division of pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine, va new jersey health care system, clinical assistant professor, rutgers new jersey medical school, east orange, nj. internal review and update on 08/20/2021 by david zieve, md, mha, medical director, brenda conaway, editorial director, and the a.d.a.m. the information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. a licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. links to other sites are provided for information only — they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites.
here are definitions of sleep-related terms: cataplexy: chronotherapy: circadian rhythms: ; multiple sleep latency test (mslt): narcolepsy: sleep disorders include a range of problems — from insomnia to narcolepsy — and affect millions of americans. learn more about sleep disorders. common sleep disorders like insomnia, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy and sleep apnea can severely hurt your quality of life., .
narcolepsy treatment. excessive daytime sleepiness (eds) is a symptom of a sleep-related disorder. treatments vary depending on the disorder. hypersomnia – being unable to stay awake during the day. this includes narcolepsy, which causes extreme daytime sleepiness. circadian sleep disorders are problems with sleeping. these include trouble falling or staying asleep, falling asleep at the wrong times,, .
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